Comparison between resistance welding and arc welding

Keywords:resistance welding, arc welding
The process of heating a soldered metal to a local melting or reaching a high temperature plastic state by using a current through a contact surface of the weldment joint and an adjacent region, and forming a firm welded joint under external force, is called resistance welding. Resistance welding has the following two characteristics compared with arc welding:

(1) High thermal efficiency. In the arc welding, the external concentrated heat source is used to conduct heat energy from the outside to the weldment; while the resistance welding is the resistance heat conduction from the high temperature zone to the low temperature zone, which is an internal heat source. Therefore, the heat energy loss is relatively small and the thermal efficiency is relatively high.

(2) The weld is dense. Generally, the weld of arc welding is solidified and crystallized under normal pressure, and the weld of electric resistance welding is solidified and crystallized under the action of external pressure. It has the characteristics of forging and is in the category of pressure welding, so it is easy to avoid shrinkage cavities. Defects such as looseness and cracks, resulting in a tight weld.

The form of weldment joints for electric resistance welding is limited, but the components suitable for electric resistance welding are still very extensive, for example, aircraft fuselage, automobile body, bicycle rim, various anchor chains, washing machines, refrigerator casings, and the like. The materials used for electric resistance welding are also very wide. It can not only weld low alloy steel, low carbon steel, but also other kinds of alloy steel and non-ferrous metals and alloys such as aluminum and copper.
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